2. Worldwide Ruby Deposits
The distribution of major and minor commercial, industrial, scientific, and historical world sources
of ruby is shown in Figure
2
.
In this review we propose a geological classification scheme for ruby based on scientific works
and own experience. The classification typology should open a new framework for mineral exploration
guidelines and geographic determination for gemmological laboratories.
2. Worldwide Ruby Deposits
The distribution of major and minor commercial, industrial, scientific, and historical world
sources of ruby is shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2. Main major and minor world sources of ruby plotted according to their geological types.
Madagascar: (1) Andilamena, Ambodivoangy-Zahamena, Didy, Vatomandry; (2) Andriba; Ankaratra
(Antsirabe-Antanifotsy region, Soamiakatra-Ambohimandroso; Ambohibary); (3) Zazafotsy; Ilakaka-
Sakaraha; (4) Bekily-Vohibory area (
Ambatomena; Ianapera; Fotadrevo; Anavoha; Maniry; Gogogogo;
Vohitany; Ejeda)
. Ethiopia: (5) Kibre mengist, Dilla. Kenya: (6) West Pokot; (7) Baringo; (8) Kitui; (9)
Mangare (Rockland-formerly John Saul mine; Penny Lane; Aqua, Hard Rock). Tanzania: (10) Umba
valley; (11) Longido, Lossogonoi; (12) Winza; Loolera (Kibuko); (13) Morogoro (Mwalazi; Visakazi;
Nyama, Kibuko, etc.); Mahenge (Lukande; Mayote; Kitwaro; Ipanko; (14) Songea; (15) Tunduru.
Malawi: (16) Chimwadzulu. Mozambique: (17) Montepuez (Namahumbire/Namahaca), M’sawize,
Ruambeze. Zimbabwe: (18) O’Briens (verdites). South Africa: (19) Barberton (verdites). Democratic
Republic of Congo: (20) Mbuji-Mayi. Brazil: (21) São Luis-Juina River. Colombia: (22) Mercaderes-Rio
Mayo. United States: (23) North Carolina (Corundum Hill; Cowee Valley; Buck Creek); (24) Montana
(Rock Creek). Canada: (25) Revelstoke. Greenland: (26) South of Nuuk region (Fiskenæsset district-
Aappaluttoq); North of Nuuk (Storø; Kangerdluarssuk). Switzerland: (27) Campo Lungo. France: (28)
Brittany (Champtoceaux); (29) French Massif Central (Haut-Allier-Chantel; Peygerolles; Lozère-
Aveyron-Marvejols; Vialat-du-Tarn); (30) Pyrenées (Arignac). Spain: (31) Alboran sea; Marrocos: (32)
Beni Bousera. Italy: (33) Piedmont. Norway: (34) Froland. Finland: (35) Kittilä. Macedonia: (36) Prilep.
Greece: (37) Gorgona-Xanthi; Paranesti-Drama. Tajikistan: (38) Snezhnoe, Turakuloma, Badakhshan.
Afghanistan: (39) Jegdalek, Kash. Pakistan: (40) Hunza valley; (41) Batakundi, Nangimali; (42) Dir.
India: (43) Orissa, Kalahandi; (44) Karnakata (Mysore); (45) Andhra Pradesh (Salem district). Sri
Lanka: (46) Ratnapura, Polonnaruwa; Elahera. Nepal: (47) Chumar, Ruyil. China: (48) Qinghai; (49)
Yuan Jiang. (50) Muling. Vietnam: (51) Luc Yen-Yen Bai; (52) Quy Chau. Myanmar: (53) Mogok, (54)
Namya; (55) Mong Hsu. Thailand: (56) Chanthaburi-Trat (Bo Waen, Bo Na Wong, Wat Tok Phrom,
Bo Rai, Nong Bon). Cambodia: (57) Pailin, Samlaut. Japan: (58) Ida. Australia: (59) Lava Plains; (60)
Anakie fields-Rubyvale; (61) New England fields (Inverell); (62) Macquarie-Cudgegong, Barrington
Tops-Yarrowitch; (63) Tumbarumba; (64) Western Melbourne fields; (65) Harts range; (66) Poona.
New Zealand: (67) Westland (Hokitika). Russia: (68) Polar Urals (Hit Island); (69) Ural mountains
(Kuchin-Chuksin-Kootchinskoye); (70) Karelia.
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